文物保护
花神庙碑 Flower Temple Tablet
文物时间:清乾隆
文物位置:燕南园南上坡向东
文物类别:碑刻
Time: Qianlong period in Qing Dynasty.
Location: east of southern uphill in Yannan yuan
Category: Stone inscription
文物特色
又称莳花碑,碑的形制与杭爱碑相类,其下都有三个巨大的赑(音同币)碑座,碑正反面都有文字,依稀可辨。两块碑的碑文大同小异,正面是进献给花神的祈祷词,也是一些为皇帝歌功颂德的套话,背面是进献人的名字。从下面的落款时间来看,立碑的时间分别是乾隆十年和乾隆二十年。
传闻趣事
古人迷信,认为“天地间一草一木胥出神功”,花当然也有花神的庇护,这碑就是圆明园的总管太监为祈求园内“吐艳扬芬,四时不绝”而进献给花神的。
历史溯源
关于石碑的出处有两种说法。
一说是这两座石碑原立于未名湖南岸的慈济寺,也就是我们俗称的花神庙。据侯仁之先生考证,这庙宇原来大致就坐落在今天湖南岸自临湖轩到博雅塔的位置。庙宇后来毁于大火,现在仅存一座庙门,就是今天我们看到的经过重修的那座立于湖边赭红色建筑。而当年正殿的旧址,就是今天斯诺墓所在之处。持此说的人认为慈济寺就是当年祭祀花神的地方,这石碑最初就立于寺内,庙宇焚毁后,石碑幸存下来,后来燕大兴建新校址,就把它们移到燕南园北门,即现在的位置。
另一说出自圆明园,根据圆明园有关文物管理部门说法,这两座碑就是莳花碑。由于1860年的大火,圆明园化为灰烬,而园中幸存文物也流散于京城各处。由于毗邻圆明园,燕园是保存其遗物较多的地方。其他文物如翻尾石鱼和华表等都有证可循,而花神庙碑仅仅是根据碑文的推测,至于当初立于何处,如何流落于此都没有明证。
Distinguishing Feature
Also named Shihua tablet, has a similar shape to Hang Ai tablet—both have three huge tortoise-like foundations, and have dimly word on both sides. There are no big differences between the inscriptions of these two tablets. On frontage are pray words for flora, and some formulas for the emperor; on the reverse side are the names of contributors. From the inscribe time, the foundation time of these two tablets is the tenth and twentieth year in Qianlong period.
Anecdote
The ancient people believed that everything has spirit, surely the flower has the shield of its god, for the pray of flowers bloom in each season, the chief eunuch contributed this tablet to the flora.